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Saint Helen, and Emperor Constantine the Great |
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( 330 AD )
St. Helen or Helena, Empress mother of Constantine the Great. She was a native of Bithynia, and a daughter of an inn-keeper. In spite of her humble birth, she married a Roman soldier, the then Roman general Constantius I Chlorus about 270. Constantine her son who became Constantine the Great was born in Nish, Serbia soon after, in 272.
In 293, when Constantius was made Caesar, or junior emperor, he was persuaded to divorce Helen to marry Theodora the stepdaughter of Emperor Maximian. He lived for fourteen years after the divorce of St. Helen, and when he died at York in 306 his troops at York proclaimed their son Constantine caesar . Eighteen months later he became the emperor. In 312 Constantine marched on Rome after the fateful victory at Milvian Bridge where he had a vision of a cross of light and the words "In this sign, conquer". While the vision was freshly imprinted in his mind, Constantine called goldsmiths and ordered them to make a cross-shaped with Christ name on it. The following year, 313 Constantine announced the Edict of Milan, which confessed Christianity, and guaranteed toleration to Christians throughout the Roman Empire.
Constantine had a deep regard and affection for his mother. Perhaps to console her for years of neglect, Helen was granted the imperial title name Augusta, or empress, her birth-place was renamed 'Helenopolis', and coins struck bearing her image. Soon - at age 60 -Helen converted to Christianity. She announced her decision to make a pilgrimage to the Holy Land. She performed many acts of charity, including building churches in Rome and in the Holy Land. On a pilgrimage to the Holy Land, she went to Palestine with the express intention of uncovering the Cross and the Tomb of Jesus Christ.
Once she arrived in Jerusalem, aimed at Calvary and the Holy Sepulcher, she found the site was covered by a temple to Venus built earlier by Emperor Hadrian. Helena ordered the temple torn down. It was during the dismantling that the tomb of Jesus Christ and the three wooden crosses were discovered. The True Cross of the Lord was recognized as the one which wrought a miraculous cure for the sufferer who was placed upon. On the site of her great discovery Helen built the Basilica of the Holy Sepulcher. Then she continued building churches on every Holy site, from Jesus' birth- cave to His point of Ascension.
When she returned to Rome, she brought with her large pieces of the cross and enshrined the relics in her palace's private chapel, where they can still be seen today. In 329 Helen died with her son Constantine at her side. Her red porphyry sarcophagus is on display in the Vatican Museum. The relics of St. Helen are entombed in the church of Santa Maria, overlooking the Roman Forum . In liturgical art Helena is depicted as an empress, holding a cross. She was revered as a saint, and the veneration spread, early in the ninth century, even to Western countries. Her feast falls on 18 August.
EMPEROR CONSTANTINE THE GREAT